Crimes Against the Elderly - 1701 Words

The rapidly increasing population of elderly people has been accompanied by a number of challenges to the elderly, communities, and the state. The frequency of victimization of the elderly through various crimes has escalated with the criminal justice system facing increasing pressure to curb this trend. Despite all states having legislation that target protecting the adult population from crimes, wide gaps in reporting of crimes against the elderly are evident across the nation. The elderly have increasingly become more vulnerable to physical, financial, and emotional abuse. In many cases, citizens who are aware of these abuses may fail to report to the police or the elderly people themselves may fear engaging in legal battles. Many of†¦show more content†¦However, the offenders end up not doing any work thus disappearing with the deposited amount or may do substandard work. Offenders may also approach elderly persons while masquerading as genuine lenders of mortgages and loans. The fraudsters are usually keen to identify those victims who are facing shortages in cash flow and are in dire need of funds for home repairs or medical care. They offer to provide loans but with very high interest rates or repayment schedules far beyond the ability of the elderly person to meet. The fraudulent loans are often made targeting the homes of the borrowers which may have been used as collateral (Johnson, 2003). The second sub-category of financial crimes against the elderly is financial exploitation by caregivers and relatives. The elderly usually trust caregivers and relatives in a greater way than how they may believe strangers. In certain instances, caregivers or relatives may financially exploit elderly people under their care while claiming to be helping them. Some relatives may borrow money from the elderly, only to fail paying it back. Others may make arrangements and sell the possessions of the elderly person without seeking permission from the owner. Financial exploitation also takes place through relatives of an elderly person using his or her ATM or credit card to access finances without the permission of the owner (Johnson, 2003). There are also other instances whereby the elderly areShow MoreRelatedQuestions On Financial Crimes Against The Elderly1795 Words   |  8 Pages1st Topic of Discussion: Financial Crimes Against the Elderly. Please see â€Å"PD 3324† The Committee discussed Preliminary Draft (PD) No. 3324, Financial Crimes Against the Elderly. This drafted legislation will permit a financial institution to release certain financial records to a law enforcement agency of Adult Protective Services (APS) unit if the financial institution reasonably suspects illegal activity in connection with the account, and provides immunity to a financial institution that releasesRead MoreIntroduction . There Are Several Different Types Of Crimes1620 Words   |  7 Pagesof crimes committed against the elderly. A person is usually defined as elderly when he or she turns sixty-five or retires. The elderly population makes up a significant part of the United States population. Also, the population is expanding as the baby boomer generation began to retire. The baby boomer generation has raised some concern, because it is suspected that the baby boomer generation will be wealthier than in the past. This could lead to an increase in crimes comm itted against theRead MoreElderly Parole Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pagesfor the Elderly Tynesha Wilson CJHS 430 November 17, 2014 Christopher Abreu Parole for the Elderly There are many arguments for and against confining the sick and elderly adults in jail. Some of the arguments include but are not limited to the cost to house these inmates (elderly and sick), monies used to house these inmates could be used to fund other programs, where will these inmates go once they are released, the reduction of overcrowding in the prison system, may increase crime and theRead MoreThe Role Of Financial Elder Abuse Has Become An Epidemic845 Words   |  4 Pages Financial elder abuse has become an epidemic because it is a crime that lives in the shadows, and as long as it remains there, the list of victims is sure to grow. Approximately 12% of the cases reported to the National Center on Elder Abuse relate to finances, and the cost to the elderly and vulnerable victim averages $30,000. It is impossible to get accurate numbers on the radically underreported crime since the victims feels shame or are afraid of losing autonomy. Some estimates put the rateRead Mo re For the love of our parents Essay1199 Words   |  5 Pages Elderly abuse is defined as â€Å"any deliberate action or lack of action that causes harm to an older adult.† (Brownridge 55) It may take the form of: physical, financial, neglect, or psychological abuse. (Maclean 7-23) Statistics show that abuse towards the elderly is a substantial problem: A 1989 survey of 2000 elderly persons from private house holds found that 4% of the people reported being abused. (Health Canada) This is the equivalent of 98,000 elderly people in Canada. Financial abuse was theRead MoreThe Issue Of Compassionate Release1167 Words   |  5 Pages[In an effort to reduce crime rates over the last two decades, there was a push to increase arrests, and length of incarceration of criminal offenders. Due to the increase in numbers of offenders incarcerated and the length of their sentences the prison has an increasing population of elderly offenders. In light of this situation, the need to provi de medical care for this population has become increasingly more expensive than anyone anticipated. Therefore, there has been a great deal of attentionRead MoreComputer Technology And The Field Of Criminal Justice Professionals Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pagesaddition, all criminal justice and law enforcement professionals have access to all the available data. Additionally, criminal justice professionals have another source of data to utilize. A nationwide electronic clearinghouse of crime data, the NCIC (The National Crime Information Center) also known called the lifeline of law enforcement can be tapped into by virtually every criminal justice agency, 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. It assists criminal justice professionals apprehend fugitives, locateRead MoreEssay on Elderly Abuse1518 Words   |  7 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Before doing research on this topic, I would have said that the United States treats the elderly with passion and love, but I now know that I was wrong. The elderly people have been treated just as badly, if not worse then, in Japan. How could this be? The elderly are so innocent, loving, and have nothing but care for most people. How could anyone harm such a loving soul? These questions are more than likely going through many minds as I am writing this paper. In theRead MoreDifferent Types Of Abuses During The United States1736 Words   |  7 Pagesworld at large. This can be seen largely in both the mortality and longevity rate which have dramatically increased as a result of medical advances. No other demographics have profited from these medical breakthrough than the senior citizen or the elderly particularly in the United States. The National Center on Elder Abuse which is a part of the Department of Health and Human Services notes by 2050, people of the ages between 65 and older will make up 20 percent of the total population of the UnitedRead MoreCrime and Punishment: Intent Makes the Difference Essay1718 Words   |  7 Pages There are many different types of crime and punishment in medical law ranging from criminal to civil. Below I will explain the difference of criminal and civil and give descriptions of the different types of crime and punishment in the two categories. What is a criminal crime or act? The definition of criminal is anyone who has committed a criminal offense (a crime against the state) or who has been proven guilty of such an offense. Criminal crimes have two types of charges, misdemeanors and felonies

How to Trace Your U.S. Military Ancestors

Nearly every generation of Americans has known war. From the early colonists, to the men and women currently serving in Americas armed forces, most of us can claim at least one relative or ancestor who has served our country in the military. Even if you have never heard of military veterans in your family tree, try a bit of research and you might be surprised! Determine if your ancestor served in the military The first step in searching for the military records of an ancestor is to determine when and where the soldier served, as well as their military branch, rank and/or unit. Clues to an ancestors military service may be found in the following records: Family storiesPhotographsCensus recordsNewspaper clippingsJournals, diaries correspondenceDeath records obituariesLocal historiesGrave markers Look for military records Military records often provide an abundance of genealogical material about our ancestors. Once you have determined that an individual served in the military, there are a variety of military records which can help to document their service, and provide useful information about your military ancestors such as birthplace, age at enlistment, occupation, and names of immediate family members. The primary types of military records include: Military service records Enlisted men who served in the regular Army throughout our countrys history, as well as discharged and deceased veterans of all services during the 20th century, can be researched through military service records. These records are primarily available through the National Archives and the National Personnel Records Center (NPRC). Unfortunately, a disastrous fire at the NPRC on July 12, 1973, about 80 percent of the records of veterans discharged from the Army between November, 1912 and January, 1960, and about 75 percent for individuals discharged from the Air Force between September, 1947 and January, 1964, alphabetically through Hubbard, James E. These destroyed records were one of a kind and had not been duplicated or microfilmed prior to the fire. Compiled military service records Most of the records of the American Army and Navy in the custody of the War Department were destroyed by fire in 1800 and 1814. In an effort to reconstruct these lost records, a project was begun in 1894 to collect military documents from a variety of sources. The Compiled Military Service Record, as these collected records have come to be called, is an envelope (sometimes referred to as a jacket) containing abstracts of an individuals service records including such items as muster rolls, rank rolls, hospital records, prison records, enlistment and discharge documents, and payrolls. These compiled military service records are primarily available for veterans of the American Revolution, War of 1812, and the Civil War. Pension records or veterans claims The National Archives has pension applications and records of pension payments for veterans, their widows, and other heirs. The pension records  are based on service in the armed forces of the United States between 1775 and 1916. Application files often contain supporting documents such as discharge papers, affidavits, depositions of witnesses, narratives of events during service, marriage certificates, birth records, death certificates, pages from family bibles, and other supporting papers. Pension files usually provide the most genealogical information for researchers.More: Where to Find Union Pension Records | Confederate Pension Records Draft registration records More than twenty-four million men born between 1873 and 1900 registered in one of three World War I drafts. These draft registrations cards may contain such information as name, birth date and place, occupation, dependents, nearest relative, physical description, and country of allegiance of an alien. The original WWI draft registration cards are at the National Archives, Southeast Region, in East Point, Georgia. A mandatory draft registration was also conducted for WWII, but the majority of WWII draft registration records are still protected by privacy laws. The fourth registration (often called the old mans registration), for men born between April 28, 1877 and February 16, 1897, is currently available to the public. Other selected WWII draft records may also be available.More: Where to Find WWI Draft Registration Records | WWII Draft Registration Records Bounty land records A land bounty is a grant of land from a government as a reward to citizens for the risks and hardships they endured in the service of their country, usually in a military related capacity. At the national level, these bounty land claims are based on wartime service between 1775 and 3 March 1855. If your ancestor served in the Revolutionary War, War of 1812, early Indian Wars, or the Mexican War, a search of bounty land warrant application files may be worthwhile. Documents found in these records are similar to those in pension files.More: Where to Find Bounty Land Warrants The two main repositories for records relating to military service are the National Archives and the National Personnel Records Center (NPRC), with the earliest records dating from the Revolutionary War. Some military records may also be found in state or regional archives and libraries. The National Archives Building, Washington, D.C., holds records relating to: Volunteer enlisted men and officers whose military service was performed during an emergency and whose service was considered to be in the federal interest, 1775 to 1902Regular Army enlisted personnel, 1789–October 31, 1912Regular Army officers, 1789–June 30, 1917 li]U.S. Navy enlisted personnel, 1798–1885US Navy officers, 1798–1902US Marine Corps enlisted personnel, 1798–1904Some US Marine Corps officers, 1798–1895Those who served in predecessor agencies to the US Coast Guard (i.e., the Revenue Cutter Service [Revenue Marine], the Life-Saving Service, and the Lighthouse Service, 1791–1919) The National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Missouri, holds military personnel files of US Army officers separated after June 30, 1917, and enlisted personnel separated after October 31, 1912US Air Force officers and enlisted personnel separated after September 1947US Navy officers separated after 1902 and enlisted personnel separated after 1885US Marine Corps officers separated after 1895 and enlisted personnel separated after 1904US Coast Guard officers separated after 1928 and enlisted personnel separated after 1914; civilian employees of Coast Guard predecessor agencies such as Revenue Cutter Service, Lifesaving Service, and Lighthouse Service, 1864–1919 The National Archives - Southeast Region, Atlanta, Georgia, holds draft registration records for World War I To have the National Archives staff search these records for you, get a World War I Registration Card Request form by sending an email to archivesatlanta.nara.gov, or contacting: National Archives - Southeast Region5780 Jonesboro RoadMorrow, Georgia 30260(770) 968-2100http://www.archives.gov/atlanta/

Sir Thomas More And Jonathan Swift Essay - 1592 Words

For whom are empires built? Sprawling across regional and temporal territories, empires not only affect their citizenry. Indeed, through their inclusion, empires establish an exclusivity that renders both in and out of its populations a kind of distrust. It remains to be seen if there is an ideal empire, but in conceptualizing the shortcomings of an empire s trajectories, there are significant observations to be made. Nowhere is this more apparent than in the sixteenth and eighteenth century writings of Sir Thomas More and Jonathan Swift. Here, individuals for the first time interrogate the governmental systems which predate them to a particular effect, though their means are drastically different. Shared between the authors is a critical engagement with the lasting effects of the British empire that dominated the world around them. Though they can be balanced in either opposition (with Swift as the darker of the two or, for that matter, More), More represents for Swift something of a mentor. As one scholar notes, Swift s â€Å" catholicism in religion and politics, his contempt for nationalism, factionalism, and individualism that informs the utopian passages of Gulliver s Travels and owes its philosophical debt to More† (Traugott 535). A Modest Proposal was written around the same time as Gulliver s Travels and both were different forms of critical engagement; the content of the latter most obviously attributed to More in the Lilliputians — individuals whose politicalShow MoreRelatedQuestions Of Travel : Questions Essay845 Words   |  4 Pagesewest Questions of Travel COURSEWORK: TEXTS IN TIME QUESTIONS OF TRAVEL 2. ‘Travel invariably provokes questions-questions as to what exactly are we experiencing, what it means and, more troublingly, who we ourselves actually are.’ How far and in what ways is this true of the three texts you have chosen to prepare for your coursework? Travel has been defined as the ‘movement through space in a way that involves accumulation of facts towards a coherent narrative about place, culture, and humanity†¦[and]Read MoreGullivers Travel2767 Words   |  12 PagesGullivers Travels Jonathan swift Reaction: This movie is a great movie for me because it shows that Gulliver is an educated man by his schooling and apprenticeship, and have a good knowledge of the sea. Because of his attitude many of Lilliputians love Gulliver, I thought from the start that I would hate this movie from the moment I heard and watch this movie. I was wrong because Gullivers have a good attitude and good humor. From the time that I watch the movie, I was surprise because, I didntRead MoreBiographical Summary : Jonathan Swift1982 Words   |  8 PagesBiographical Summary Jonathan Swift was born in the land of Dublin, Ireland on November 30th, 1667. Swift was born to English parents, Jonathan and Abigale Swift. Unfortunately, Swift’s father passed away before his son’s birth. At the age of three, Swift was raised by his late father’s family. He attended Kilkenny Grammar School with fellow student William Congreve, who would later become a dramatist. From there, Swift moved on to attend Trinity College in Dublin and Hart Hall in Oxford. Swift would acquireRead MoreEighteenth Century English Literature5838 Words   |  24 Pagesmaterialistic thought and implanted in peoples minds belief in great powers of mans intellect. It was in this period that English painting began to develop too: portraiture reached its peak in the works of William Hogarth, Joshua Reynolds as well as Thomas Gainsborough, who was equally good at landscape and portrait painting. In spite of the progress of industry and culture in England, the majority of the English people were still very ignorant. That is why one of the most important problemsRead MoreBritish Literature Essay1614 Words   |  7 PagesShakespeare revised and completed Sir Thomas More: he wrote â€Å"Utopia† – a vision of Imaginary Island with perfectly organized society 3. 17th century John Milton – is the figure of this period his masterpiece is â€Å"Paradies Lost† – is about the revolt of Satan against Heaven and God 4. 18th century In the 18th century there is a big development of the society and economy, journalism, novels and drama developed very much. Literature became very popular. Jonathan Swift – was a sharp critic, he wroteRead More`` The First Full Length Novel `` By Henry Fielding1499 Words   |  6 Pagesneoclassical (and, by augmentation, privileged) methodology of Augustans, for example, Alexander Pope and Jonathan Swift; and the famous, household exposition fiction of authors, for example, Daniel Defoe and Samuel Richardson. At this paper I will discuss points of view themes, characters, language, and significance for ten or eleven years, Joseph Andrews was in the administration of Sir Thomas Booby, the uncle of Squire Booby, who was hitched to the prudent Pamela, Joseph s sister. At the pointRead MoreThe Enlightenment Philosophers: What Was Their Main Idea2373 Words   |  10 Pagesrelated to the Enlightenment. Following close on the heels of the Renaissance, Enlightenment thinkers believed that the advances of science and industry heralded a new age of egalitarianism and progress for humankind. More goods were being produced for less money, people were traveling more, and the chances for the upwardly mobile to actually change their station in life were significantly improving. At the same time, many voices were expressing sharp criticism of some time-honored cultural institutionsRead MoreBlack / White Gender Identification1890 Words   |  8 Pagesto separate a group is to bisect it – generally in terms of black/white gender identification (male/female) – and when early homo sapiens found themselves settling down amidst the Neolithic Revolution and discovering agriculture, daily chores became more abundant and necessary. Thus began the base for a growing trend in sexism and ignoring the capabilities of one sex over the other, for â€Å"wo/men originally did ____, so they obviously can’t do ____!† As Western civilization blossomed into a bountifulRead MoreJospeh Andrews as Comic Epic in Prose3335 Words   |  14 Pagesparson Abraham Adams. The novel represents the coming together of the two competing aesthetics of eighteenth-century literature: the mock-heroic and neoclassical (and, by extension, aristocratic) approach ofAugustans such as Alexander Pope and Jonathan Swift; and the popular, domestic prose fiction of novelists such as Daniel Defoe and Samuel Richardson. The novel draws on a variety of inspirations. Written in imitation of the manner of Cervantes, the author of Don Quixote (see title page on right)Read MoreA Brief History of English Literature1782 Words   |  8 PagesOld English poem; other great works include The Wanderer, The Battle of Maldon, and The Dream of the Rood. Notable prose includes the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, a historical record begun about the time of King Alfred ´s reign (871-899) and continuing for more than three centuries. Authors: Caedmon (English poet), Cynewulf (English poet), Franciscus Junius, the Younger (European scholar) and John Gardner (American author) Works: Beowulf (Old English poem), Exeter Book (Old English literature) manuscript

Managerial Antecedents of Business Model Innovation †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Managerial Antecedents of Business Model Innovation. Answer: Introduction The current world of business competitiveness has become much challenging for the business marketers. The marketers often focus on structuring the organisational functionalities in order to provide the best solutions (Gobble, 2014). We often wonder what exactly needs to be done to maintain sustainability in this competitive business scenario. The clear and concise idea of the business model innovation can be fruitful enough in developing the organisational functionalities. However, we need to derive the complete understanding regarding the business model innovations. The identification of the associated components would provide the insightful knowledge about the method of business sustainability. Here we would discuss about the conceptual form of business model innovation and its significance in maintaining sustainability. In pre-classical times, the business model was conceptualized as the integral part of the economic and trading purposes. Apparently, the business model refers to the methods used by the organisations for generating revenues (Casadesus?Masanell Zhu, 2013). In the real business world, the business marketers generally deal with the basic components of the business model. These basic components are: Charging Subscription Fees Selling purpose of the product or service Selling service contracts These components are significantly helping the organisations to generate expected revenues. The business model innovation specifically concentrates on factors that are ensuring more profitability for the company in this competitive scenario. According to Zott, Amit and Massa (2011), Business Model is widely conceptualized as the description, representation, and a statement of the business world. Therefore, we can consider that the business model pays the closer attention towards the following factors: It articulates the value propositions that are created while offering the products or services to the customers. It identifies the relevant market segment for ensuring the purpose of selling. It defines the value chain structure while distributing the product and service to the customers. It estimates the profit potential and cost structure of the products Describes the competitive positioning of the firm Structures the competitive strategy for winning over the rivals in the business market. In the further section of the study, we would discuss the three major concepts of the business model that have the significant impacts on the business functionalities. In this section of the study, we would provide the explanation of the conceptual analysis of three business model components. These three concepts are: e-business model archetypes Business model as activity system Business model as revenue architecture The e-Business Model Archetypes depend on the seven business fundamentals or personalities. The business model depends on these personalities during the development period. These seven business fundamentals are: Product Subscription Service Brokerage Trade Market Place Eco System The business primarily focuses on the development process of the tangible artifacts that require one-time cost. In some of the cases, the product is generally consumed for the personal entertainment (Narayan Volberda, 2017). The indicative attribute of the products are as follow: Key partners: Market Place Value propositions: The productivity scale Key Activities: Development functions Monetization: Product sales The second type of the fundamental is the combination of the services and products (Christensen Bartman Van Bever, 2016). The subscription personality focuses on the following aspects: Key Partners: Owner of the ecosystem partner Value Proposition: Customization of the platform Key Activities: Maintenance and Customization Monetization: Materials and Adequate Time Service is the third type of the business fundamental that signifies the intangible solutions offered to the clients or the customers (Spieth, Schneckenberg Ricart, 2014). This fundamental indicates the following attributes: Key Partners: Platform owner of the Ecosystem Value Proposition: Customization of the Platforms Key Activities: Maintenance and Customization Monetization: Materials and Adequate Time This archetype is the secondary form that includes the trade and service activities on behalf of the clients or the customers. The attributes are: Key partners: Wholesalers Value Propositions: Procurement of the Efficient Commodity Key Activities: Recruiting the sufficient number of Wholesalers Monetization: Commission of Base fee plus This type of the archetype pays attention on connecting the sellers and buyers. The attributes are: Key Partners: Advertising and Product Sourcing Value Proposition: Convenience, Low Price Monetization: Product Arbitrage Key Activities: Advertising and Sourcing It is the secondary archetype that includes the attributes of the product and trade archetypes. The attributes are: Key partners: Merchants Value proposition: Method of Destination Shopping Key Activities: Advertise and Recruit the vendors Monetization: providing a particular amount of commission per sale It is the tertiary archetype that combines other archetypes and quite difficult to achieve. The attributes are: Key Partners: PaaS Provider Value proposition: Software and Management Key activities: development of the software Monetization: Subscription Fee Business Model as Activity System is mainly focusing on several elements, such as content, governance, and structure. The content of the activity system refers to the selection of the activities. The structure of the activity system defines the linking between the activities. It is also capturing the importance of the business model (Markides, 2013). On the other hand, the governance of the activity system ensures the performance of the associated activities. It focuses on the possible approach to maintain the governance procedure. It is notable that the managers often strive to make progress in the profitability parameter. Therefore, it is necessary for them to undertake all these parameters simultaneously. However, sometimes it becomes much challenging since it involves some of the factors to be considered. It is necessary to understand whether the business requires including any secondary market for trading the business loans (Schneider Spieth, 2013). In fact the possible barrier s are also necessary to be identified. The design parameter of the system activity becomes highly interdependent. Hence, apparently the business model as the activity system is mainly concentrating on the process of conducting business. The revenue model determines the method of generating revenues by the firm and it is the integral part of the business model. Subscription is one of the most fruitful revenue models that deal with the free transactions, profiling and functions (Fielt, 2013). The business model as revenue architecture identifies the various type of the revenue model. It focuses on the actions of the customers by maintaining the effective relationship. On the other hand, the criterion sometimes limits the method of generating revenues from the customers end. It becomes much challenging for the business marketers when the price of the products is persuaded to keep lower. Another major focus is the offer-related criteria that maintain the price level, consistency, and origin of the offered service or products. It is necessary for the company to obtain the adequate knowledge regarding the management of the functionalities that can ensure more revenues. Finally, the revenue related criteria focus on the pa yment method and the origin of the revenue (Zott, Amit Massa, 2011). It is to be stated that the origin of the revenue can be from the direct or the indirect source. The benefit related criteria signifies additional benefits provided to the customers for gathering their attention. It is quite helpful for the company since there is the high chance of the long term relationships. However, the product consistency is the major factor to be considered in such aspect. The business model innovation provides the top-down approach that is significant enough in generating more profitability and establishing the long term sustainability. However, the challenges are faced due to the lack of resources, lack of adequate knowledge, and improper management of the organisational functionalities. The business model as revenue architecture identifies the various type of the revenue model. It focuses on the actions of the customers by maintaining the effective relationship. The limitation with the service and product information influences the purchase decisions of the customers. It becomes much challenging for the business marketers when the price of the products is persuaded to keep lower. Another major focus is the offer-related criteria that maintain the price level, consistency, and origin of the offered service or products. It is essential to obtain the adequate knowledge regarding the business model functions and structure these functionalities according to the requirements. Conclusion The artifacts included in the business innovation model sometimes lead to the business failure. Therefore, it is necessary to derive the adequate information relate to the implementation of the business process. In the real business world, the business marketers generally deal with the basic components of the business model. The clear and concise ideas regarding the conceptual analysis of the business model is quite necessary for the business marketers. The contribution of the business model innovation is much significant in generating the revenues. However, it is also necessary to derive the extensive knowledge about the strategic procedure of implementing the business process. Business model as the revenue architecture depends on the segment based criteria. The offer-related criteria that maintain the price level, consistency, and origin of the offered service or products. It is necessary for the company to obtain the adequate knowledge regarding the management of the functionaliti es that can ensure more revenues. The resource capability and focus on the customer base are also needed to be taken into consideration during the development of the business model. The concentration on the market limitations and competitiveness is essential prior to take any decisions regarding the business model innovation. References Amit, R., Zott, C. (2014). Business model design: a dynamic capability perspective.J. Manage. Casadesus?Masanell, R., Zhu, F. (2013). Business model innovation and competitive imitation: The case of sponsor?based business models.Strategic management journal,34(4), 464-482. Christensen, C. M., Bartman, T., Van Bever, D. (2016). The hard truth about business model innovation.MIT Sloan Management Review,58(1), 31. Fielt, E. (2013). Conceptualising business models: Definitions, frameworks and classifications.Journal of Business Models,1(1), 85. Gobble, M. M. (2014). Business model innovation.Research-Technology Management,57(6), 58-61. Markides, C. C. (2013). Business model innovation: What can the ambidexterity literature teach us?.The Academy of Management Perspectives,27(4), 313-323. Narayan, S., Volberda, H. W. (2017, January). Understanding Managerial Antecedents of Business Model Innovation. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2017, No. 1, p. 16573). Academy of Management. Schneider, S., Spieth, P. (2013). Business model innovation: Towards an integrated future research agenda.International Journal of Innovation Management,17(01), 1340001. Spieth, P., Schneckenberg, D., Ricart, J. E. (2014). Business model innovationstate of the art and future challenges for the field.RD Management,44(3), 237-247. Zott, C., Amit, R., Massa, L. (2011). The business model: Recent developments and future research. Journal of Management, 37(4), 10191042.